Characterisation of continued fractions for algebraic numbers

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Rational numbers have finite continued fractions, and quadratic algebraic numbers over $\mathbb Q$ have eventually periodic continued fraction representations.

Is there a way to recognise a different kind of algebraic number (e.g. third-degree algebraic numbers?) from its continued fraction representation? It seems to arbitrary that we only have such a nice characteristic for numbers of degree 2 over $\mathbb Q$ in $\mathbb R$.