Comparing equations to figure out coefficients of tangent line of conics

49 Views Asked by At

If a focal chord with positive slope $m$ of the parabola $y^2 =16x$ touches the circle $x^2 +y^2-12x+34=0$ then the value of m is...?

I again use the result and I get equation of tangent of circle as (using result from page-91):

$$ Yy + X(x-6) + 68= 0$$

Or,

$$ Y + X \frac{x-6}{y} + \frac{68}{y}=0$$

Now, we can find equation of focal chord satisfying condition as $y=mx-4m$ or:

$$ y-mx+4m=0$$

Comparing,

$$ -m = \frac{x-6}{y}$$

And $$4m = \frac{68}{y}$$ But this leads to wrong answers!

I get $$x=23$$

Which is a point not even on the circle!

What is the mistake in my logic of applying this?

3

There are 3 best solutions below

8
On BEST ANSWER

Equation of circle is $x^2 +y^2-12x+34=0$ or $(x-6)^2 + y^2 = 2$

The focal chord of the given parabola is $y = m(x-4)$ as you wrote.

The link in your question is not working for me but the easiest is to drop a perpendicular from center of the circle $(6, 0)$ to focal chord $y = m(x-4)$ and equate it to radius of the circle, $\sqrt2$ as the focal chord is tangent to the circle.

That gives $\frac{|0 - 6m + 4m|}{\sqrt{1+m^2}} = \sqrt2 \implies m = \pm 1$. As question says positive slope, we have $m = 1$.

Even by your method where it seems you are first finding equation of tangent to the circle and equating it to the focal chord,

Given the equation of the circle, taking derivative with respect to $x$, $2x + 2y y' - 12 = 0 \implies y' = \frac{6-x}{y}$

So tangent to circle at a given point $(x_0, y_0)$ is

$y - y_0 = \frac{6-x_0}{y_0} (x-x_0)$

But we also have $y = m (x - 4)$.

Solving them gives $x_0 = 5, y_0 = \pm1, m = \pm1$ and we consider $m = 1$.

2
On

The equation of circle is $$(x-6)^2+y^2=2$$ so your $T=0$ equation is incorrect.

After finding the equation of focal chord as $$mx-y-4m=0$$

you can also set its distance from center of circle equal to the radius. $$\left( \frac{6m-0-4m}{\sqrt{m^2+1}} \right)^2=2$$

3
On

$$ Yy + X(x-6) + 68= 0$$

As pointed out by Math Lover, the above is incorrect. This is due to me not homogenizing the equation of circle properly, the correct equation would be:

$$x^2 + y^2-12xz+34z^2=0$$

Now taking derivatives:

$$ X[2x-12z] + Y[2y] + (-12x+68z)=0$$

$z=1$

$$ X[2x-12] + Y[2y] + (-12x+68) = 0$$

Which is the correct equation.