Definition of field characteristic: Why are these equivalent?

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The characteristic of a field F is defined as either:

a) The number of times one must add the multiplicative identity of F to get the additive identity of F. If the additive identity is never reached the field has characteristic zero.

b) The prime subfield P of F is the intersection of all subfields of F. F has characteristic p if P is isomorphic to $\mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z}$ or characteristic 0 if it is isomorphic to $\mathbb{Q}$.

Simply, why are these definitions equivalent?