A block code $C$, with minimum distance $d$ can be used to:
- Detect $d - 1$ errors
- Correct $\lfloor\frac{d - 1}{2}\rfloor$ errors
However, the above usually assumes that the number of errors that are introduced is below the correctable / detectable threshold.
Suppose codeword $x$ is transmitted with $k > \lfloor\frac{d - 1}{2}\rfloor$ errors to get $x'$. $C$ is able to detect correctly that an error has occurred in $x'$, but it will erroneously correct the codeword to some $y \neq x$.
Are there any ways to detect erroneous corrections?
No, the above does not assumes anything. Precisely, it gives the correctable / detectable threshold.
If that threshold is exceeded, then undetected errors can occur (if dealing with detection) or erroneous corrections can happen (if dealing with correction). You cannot (in general) "detect erroneous corrections", if that were possible then we'd never bet on an erroneous correction