I would like to know in what case is it possible that $\text{order}(T) = \text{order}(T') \ge 1$. So I came to write this :
$\|\varphi\| = \sup_{x \in \mathbb{R}} |\varphi(x)|$
Let $T \in D'(\mathbb{R})$ be a distribution compactly supported on $\Omega$ and $\text{order}(T') = k \ge 1$, that is $$\forall \varphi \in C^\infty_c(\mathbb{R}),\qquad |\langle T', \varphi \rangle| \le C\sum_{m \le k} \|\partial_m \varphi\|$$
Then pick $\phi \in C^\infty_c([a,b])$ with $[a,b]$ slightly larger than $\Omega$ and $\phi(x) = 1$ for $x \in \Omega$, and let $\displaystyle I[\varphi](x) = \phi(x) \int_a^x \varphi(t)dt$.
Since $\partial_m I[\varphi] = \sum_{l=0}^m {m \choose l} (\partial_{m-l}\phi)(\partial_l \int \varphi) = (\partial_m \phi)(\int \varphi)+\sum_{l=1}^m {m \choose l} (\partial_{m-l}\phi)(\partial_{l-1} \varphi)$ we have
$\begin{eqnarray} \|\partial_m I[\varphi]\| &\le& \|(\partial_m \phi)({\textstyle\int} \varphi)\|+\sum_{l=1}^m {m \choose l} \|(\partial_{m-l}\phi)(\partial_{l-1} \varphi)\| \\ &\le& \|\partial_m \phi\|\, |b-a|\,\| \varphi\|+\sum_{l=1}^m {m \choose l} \|\partial_{m-l}\phi\|\|\partial_{l-1} \varphi\| \\ &\le & C_2\sum_{l\, \le\, \max(0,m-1)} \|\partial_{l-1} \varphi\|\end{eqnarray}$
And hence $$|\langle T, \varphi \rangle| = |\langle T', I[\varphi] \rangle| \le C\sum_{m \le k} \|\partial_m I[\varphi]\| \le C_3\sum_{l\, \le\, \color{red}{k-1}} \|\partial_m \varphi \|$$
whence $\text{order}(T) \le k-1$
Is it correct ?