An ellipse, whose equation is ${x^2\over9} + {y^2\over4} = 1$, is inscribed within a rectangle whose sides are parallel with the coordinate axes. Another ellipse is circumscribing the rectangle and passes through the point (0, 4). I am asked to find the eccentricity of the ellipse circumscribing the rectangle.
Is there any property which links the two ellipses? For example, I tried to check whether they would have the same focus, but that didn't come out to be true.

As you need a fifth point to determine the ellipse, the eccentricity is a degree of freedom and there is no useful relation to the inner ellipse.
Your red ellipse is $$\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{4^2}=1.$$ Plug the coordinates of a corner to determine $a$.