Is true that for all $J:\wedge^{k} \mathbb{R}^{n} \to\wedge^{k} \mathbb{R}^{n}$ isomorphism linear there exists $A:\mathbb{R}^{n} \to \mathbb{R}^{n}$ linear operator such that $\wedge^{k} A =J$?
When $k=(n-1)$, we have a positive answer, just do like this.
Not in general. The construction $A \mapsto \Lambda^k(A)$ gives us a nice (smooth) homomorphism $\varphi \colon \operatorname{GL}_n(\mathbb{R}) \rightarrow \operatorname{GL}(\Lambda^k(\mathbb{R}^n))$ and merely by considering dimensions, we can see that it can't be onto.
The first non-trivial case in which it fails is when $n = 4$ and $k = 2$ where we have
$$ \dim \operatorname{GL}_4(\mathbb{R}) = 4^2 = 16, \\ \dim \operatorname{GL}(\Lambda^2(\mathbb{R}^4)) = { 4 \choose 2 }^2 = 6^2 = 36 $$
so there are (infinitely) many isomorphisms $J \colon \Lambda^2(\mathbb{R}^4) \rightarrow \Lambda^2(\mathbb{R}^4)$ which are not of the form $J = \Lambda^2(A) = \varphi(A)$.