factorial of infinite Cardinals

Question

Let $S_A$ be set of all bijections over $A$ such that $Card(A)=\kappa$. Define foctorial as $\kappa!:=Card(S_A)$. Show that if $\kappa$ is infinite, then : $\kappa!=2^\kappa$

First, I've proved this definition is well-defined. Then I wanted to use Cantor-Schroeder-Bernstein's theorem to find injections between $S_A$ and $2^A$ or $\mathcal{P}A$, but I'm still searching for it. If it is possible, then there's no need to use Axiom of Choice and it is provable in ZF.

Actually, injection of desired functions must be proved directly from injection of $f\in S_A$. So my first attempt was following function which isn't injective !

$H(f)(a) = \left\{ \begin{array}{lc} 1 & f(a)=a\\ 0 & \# \end{array}\right.$

Now let's find an injection from $S_A$ to $2^A$ and from $\mathcal{P}A$ to $S_A$, or another injections !

Answer 1

You can't find a solution which doesn't use some part of the axiom of choice (as shown by Dawson and Howard), but you don't need the entire assumption of the axiom of choice (as shown by Pincus).

John W. Dawson, Jr. and Paul E. Howard, Factorials of infinite cardinals, Fund. Math. 93 (1976), no. 3, 186--195.

David Pincus, A note on the cardinal factorial, Fund. Math. 98 (1978), no. 1, 21--24.

It perhaps should be pointed out that assuming the axiom of choice this is a simple calculation since $2^A\leq S_A\leq A^A=2^A$ for all infinite cardinals. (See Factorial of Infinite Cardinal for details.)