Find a homomorphism from $\mathbb{Z}$ to $SO(2,\mathbb{R})$

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If we pick some element $x$ in the $SO(2,\mathbb{R})$, how do we write out the homomorphism explicitly?

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An element in $SO(2,\mathbb{R})$ can be identified with $e^{i\theta}$ for some $\theta\in [0,2\pi)$. So it suffice to find the image of $1$. Suppose $f(1)=e^{i\theta}$, then $f(n)=e^{in\theta}$. I will leave you to check this is indeed a homomorphism.