For what cardinals does exponentiation by a smaller cardinal is idempotent.

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It is true that $\mathfrak{c} = \mathfrak{c}^{\aleph_0}$ but $\mathfrak{c} < \mathfrak{c}^\mathfrak{c}$.

  1. Is it true that $\mathfrak{c} = \mathfrak{c}^{X}$ for all $X < \mathfrak{c}$?

The answer is obviously trivial if we admit the CH. In fact, if the GCH holds we get:

$\aleph_n = \aleph_n^{X}$ for all $X < \aleph_n$ and $n$ a

However, even with the GCH, the property does not hold in general, since $\aleph_{\omega} < \aleph_{\omega}^{\aleph_0}$ (by König's theorem). So,

  1. For what cardinals $A$ does it hold that $A = A^B$ for all $A > B$?
  2. Is there a relation $\mathcal{R}$ such that $A = A^B$ for all $\mathcal{R} A B$?