I know that the first part of my question has been asked a year ago, but the solutions there don't help me, since I'm not familiar with the theorems they use there. So I'd be glad if someone had a basic approach to solve this.
The approach which lab bhattacharjee suggested is what I was looking for. I just need some help to develop it further, please.
Hint
WLOG arg$(z-1)=2t\implies z-1=\cos2t+i\sin2t$
$z=2\cos t(\cos t+i\sin t),$arg$(z)=?$
Now $z(z-1)=2\cos t(\cos t+i\sin t)(\cos2t+i\sin2t)=2\cos t(\cos3t+i\sin3t)$