I have always been taught that the sum to $n$ terms of an AP is given by:
$$S_n=\frac n2 [2a+(n-1)d]$$
(where $a$ is first term and $d$ is common difference)
From this formula, it is very easy to derive
$$S_n=n^2(\frac d2)+n(a-\frac d2)$$
This is more helpful in solving some questions such as
- If $S_n=3n^2+5n$, find $a_7$.
- If the ratio of sum to $n$ terms of two APs is $\frac{n+6}{n+5}$, find ratio of third terms.
Normal method
1.
$a=S_1=3(1)^2+5(1)=8$
$S_2=3(2)^2+5(2)=22$
$a_2=S_2-S_1=14$
$d=a_2-a_1=6$
Now we find $a_7$ using $a_7=a+6d$
2.
This is also done by a lengthy method that I don't exactly know.
Methods using second formula (which I derived)
1.
By comparison, $\frac d2=3$ and $a-\frac d2=5$.
So $d=6$. Putting this in this other equation gives $a=8$
2.
$$\frac{S_n}{S_n'}=\frac{n^2(\frac d2)+n(a-\frac d2)}{n^2(\frac > {d'}2)+n(a'-\frac{d'}2)}=\frac{n(\frac d2)+(a-\frac d2)}{n(\frac > {d'}2)+(a'-\frac{d'}2)}$$
By comparison, $\frac d2=1$, $a-\frac d2=6$, $\frac {d'}2=1$ and $a-\frac {d'}2=5$
Hence $d=2$, $a=7$, $d'=2$ and $a'=6$
Using this info, we find the ratio.
Does my method work? And is there any reason why this formula is not taught instead of the usual one?