Given a permutation $\sigma = (13)(254)$, state $\sigma^2$.

101 Views Asked by At

Given a permutation $\sigma = (13)(254)$, state $\sigma^2$.

$\sigma = (13)(254), \sigma^2=(13)(254)(13)(254) = (13)(13)(254)(254) = (425) $

Or, in two row format, get: $$ \sigma = \begin{pmatrix} 1 & 3 \\ 3 & 1 \end{pmatrix}\begin{pmatrix} 2 & 5 &4 \\ 5 & 4 & 2\end{pmatrix} $$

Then, $$\sigma^2=\begin{pmatrix} 1 & 3 \\ 3 & 1 \end{pmatrix}\begin{pmatrix} 2 & 5 &4 \\ 5 & 4 & 2\end{pmatrix} \begin{pmatrix} 1 & 3 \\ 3 & 1 \end{pmatrix}\begin{pmatrix} 2 & 5 &4 \\ 5 & 4 & 2\end{pmatrix} $$

Due to disjoint cycles, they can commute as no affect on map produced.

$$\sigma^2=\begin{pmatrix} 1 & 3 \\ 3 & 1 \end{pmatrix}\begin{pmatrix} 1 & 3 \\ 3 & 1 \end{pmatrix} \begin{pmatrix} 2 & 5 &4 \\ 5 & 4 & 2\end{pmatrix} \begin{pmatrix} 2 & 5 &4 \\ 5 & 4 & 2\end{pmatrix} $$

My answer is:

$$\sigma^2=\begin{pmatrix} 1 & 3 \\ 1 & 3 \end{pmatrix} \begin{pmatrix} 2 & 5 &4 \\ 4 & 2 & 5\end{pmatrix} = e.\begin{pmatrix} 2 & 5 &4 \\ 4 & 2 & 5\end{pmatrix} = \begin{pmatrix} 2 & 5 &4 \\ 4 & 2 & 5\end{pmatrix} $$

But, the answer is different: $(245)$?

2

There are 2 best solutions below

0
On BEST ANSWER

Here

$$\begin{align} \sigma^2&=\begin{pmatrix}1&2&3&4&5\\3&5&1&2&4\end{pmatrix}\cdot\begin{pmatrix}1&2&3&4&5\\3&5&1&2&4\end{pmatrix}\\ &=\begin{pmatrix}1&2&3&4&5\\1&4&3&5&2\end{pmatrix}\\ &=(245). \end{align}$$

1
On

We have

$$\begin{align} \sigma^2&=(13)(254)(13)(254)\\ &=(13)(13)(254)(254)\\ &=(254)^2\\ &=(245) \end{align}$$

because

$$\begin{align} 1&\xrightarrow{(254)}1\xrightarrow{(254)}1,\\ 2&\xrightarrow{(254)}5\xrightarrow{(254)}4,\\ 3&\xrightarrow{(254)}3\xrightarrow{(254)}3,\\ 4&\xrightarrow{(254)}2\xrightarrow{(254)}5,\\ 5&\xrightarrow{(254)}4\xrightarrow{(254)}2.\\ \end{align}$$

In row format,

$$\begin{align} \sigma^2&=\begin{pmatrix} 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5\\ 3 & 5 & 1 & 2 & 4 \end{pmatrix}^2\\ &=\begin{pmatrix} 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5\\ 3 & 5 & 1 & 2 & 4 \end{pmatrix} \begin{pmatrix} 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5\\ 3 & 5 & 1 & 2 & 4 \end{pmatrix}\\ &=\begin{pmatrix} 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5\\ 1 & 4 & 3 & 5 & 2 \end{pmatrix}, \end{align}$$

which gives $(245)$ again.