Hankel operations

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I've been reading some scientific articles and in some of them terms like "Hankel operator", "Hankel operation", "Hankel matrix" are mentioned. I tried "googling" mentioned terms but some offered search results were a bit too mathematically advanced for me to understand much. I would like to get a short intuitive explanation on a basic level (if possible) of what are Hankel operations and more importantly what are their purposes and why are they important to us. Also, it would be nice if you could suggest some introductory level literature on related topics to get more familiar with this branch of mathematics (functional analysis, I'm assuming ?).