How do we use limits to prove differentiability of a complex function and then prove the limit unique within the neighborhood of the point?

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With complex functions, there are several paths that can be taken to approach a point $z_0$. We usually take the limit $$ f(z)' = \lim_{z \to 0} \frac{f(z_0+z) - f(z_0)}{z} $$ If I take an example, $w = z^3$,

$$ w' = \lim_{z \to 0} \frac{f(z_0+z) - f(z_0)}{z} $$

$= \lim_{z \to 0} \frac{(x+iy+z)^3 - (x+iy)^3}{z}$

And using Newton's binomial theorem,

$$ w' = 3(x+iy)^2 = 3z^2 $$

This is the correct derivative of z^3 but I don't exactly understand the mechanics at play here because if we check w' for uniqueness,

$\lim_{x \to 0} \lim_{y \to 1}$ will give us $w' = -3$ while $\lim_{x \to 1} \lim_{y \to 0}$ will give us $w' = 3$.

These are two distinct values, making the limit not unique, hence not analytic. But if the limit I used to obtain w' used z as it's variable, can I test the derivative with x and y? Or only with z?