How to use Jordan normal form to determine $A^k?$
How the simplified way of the matrix $A$ on the Jordan normal form allows to determine easily this power?
How to use Jordan normal form to determine $A^k?$
How the simplified way of the matrix $A$ on the Jordan normal form allows to determine easily this power?
$A = P J P^{-1}\\ A^k = P J^k P^{-1}$
What happens to a Jordan-normal matrix as you multiply it by itself?
The Jordan-normal matrix breaks down into blocks and each block is pretty regular in its behavior.