How to prove Detailed Balance Condition?

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Given a Markov chain with a stationary distribution $\mathbf{\pi}$ and a transition matrix P, it satisfies the Detailed Balance Condition if:

$$ \pi_i P_{ij}= \pi_j P_{ji}, \quad \forall i,j $$

My question is, how to derive this equation?


I have tried the 2-dimensional version:

Given: $$ \pi=[\pi_1,\pi_2] $$

$$ P= \begin{bmatrix} p_{11} & p_{12} \\ p_{21} & p_{22} \end{bmatrix} $$

When stationary:

$$ \pi P = \pi $$

Then:

$$ \pi_1 P_{11} +\pi P_{21} =\pi_1 \\ \pi_1 P_{12} +\pi P_{22} =\pi_2 $$

The two equaitons can be simplified to the same equation:

$$ \pi_1 P_{12} =\pi_2 P_{21} $$

And this conforms to the Detailed Balance Equation.

But how to prove the 3-dimensional version and the general n-dimensional version?