Let $f$ be a diffeomorphism. Why are the hyperbolic periodic points isolated?
2026-04-06 02:39:21.1775443161
Hyperbolic periodic points of a diffeomorphism are isolated
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They aren't isolated. Here's a counterexample.
Let $f : S^1 \times S^1 \to S^1 \times S^1$ be the diffeomorphism induced under the universal covering map $\mathbb R \times \mathbb R \to S^1 \times S^1$ by the matrix $\begin{pmatrix} 2 & 1 \\ 1 & 1 \end{pmatrix}$ acting on $\mathbb R \times \mathbb R$. Far from being isolated, the periodic points of $f$ form a countable dense subset of $S^1 \times S^1$.