If $G = S_5$ and $H = \{g \in G \mid g^{5} = e\}$ how could I determine and prove whether or not $H$ is a subgroup of $G$?

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I think that the this group contains the 5 element cycles and the identity e but overall I'm not sure how to prove that the product of the 2 members of H is also a 5 cycle or e.

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Note that $$(1\,2\,3\,4\,5)(1\,2\,3\,5\,4)=(1\,3)(2\,4)$$

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You could try Lagrange's Theorem which tells you something about the order of a subgroup. Count the elements of $H$.