Let $u$ be the solution of the heat equation initial and boundary value problem: $$\frac{\partial u}{\partial t}=\frac{\partial^2u}{\partial x^2},~~x\in (0,1),~t>0,$$ and: $$u(x,0)=4x(1-x),~x\in [0,1]~~ \textrm{and} ~~u(0,t)=u(1,t)=0,~~t\geqslant 0.$$ Prove that $0<u(x,t)<1$ for all $x\in (0,1)$ and $t>0$.
Attempt. Instead of solving the equation, we shall work with the maximum-minimum principle. Since $u=0$ for $x=0,\,1$ and $0\leqslant u\leqslant 1$ for $t=0$, we get the estimate $0\leqslant u\leqslant 1$ on the boundary of $\varOmega=(0,1)\times [0,+\infty).$ By the maximum-minimum principle, we get $0\leqslant u\leqslant 1$ for all $x\in (0,1)$ and $t>0$.
How one can derive the strict inequalities?
Thanks in advance for the help.
The strong maximum principle states that if the solution attains its maximum $M$ in some $0 < \bar{x} <1$ and $\bar{t} > 0$, then the solution $u(t, x) \equiv M$ for $0 \le x \le 1$ and $0 \le t \le \bar{t}$. Since the initial condition is not constant, you have a contradiction. (Similarly for the minimum)