Inequality for intermediate derivatives

59 Views Asked by At

Let $D\subseteq$ be an open, bounded Lipshitz domain, $1\le p<\infty$, $u \in W^{2,p}(D)$ and $\delta>0$. Show that there exists $C=C(\delta)>0$ such that

\begin{align} \|Du\|_{L^p(D)} \le \delta\|D^2u\|_{L^p(D)}+C\|u\|_{L^p(D)}. \end{align}

The following proof is adapted from Troianiello's book Elliptic differential equations and obstacle problems:

Assume to the contrary that there exist $\delta_0>0$ and $u_k\in W^{2,p}(D), k\in \mathbb{N}$ s.t. $\|u_k\|_{W^{2,p}(D)}=1$ and \begin{align} \|Du_k\|_{L^p(D)} >\varepsilon_0 \|D^2u_k\|_{L^p(D)} +k\|u_k\|_{L^p(D)}. \end{align} Therefore, $$ \|u_k\|_{L^p(D)} < \frac{1}{k} \|Du_k\|_{L^p(D)} < \frac{1}{k} \|u_k\|_{W^{2,p}(D)} =\frac{1}{k}, $$ and hence, $\lim\limits_{k\to \infty} \|u_k\|_{L^p(D)}=0$. Since $\|u_k\|_{W^{2,p}(D)}=1$, by virtue of the Rellich-Kondrachov Theorem ($W^{2,p}(D) \subseteq W^{1,p}(D)$ compactly), there exists $\{u_{k_l}\}_{l=1}^\infty \subset \{u_k\}_{k=1}^\infty$ and $u\in W^{1,p}(D)$ such that \begin{align} \lim\limits_{l\to \infty} \|u_{k_l}-u\|_{W^{1,p}(D)}=0. \end{align} Combining this with $\lim\limits_{l\to \infty}\|u_{k_l}\|_{L^p(D)}=0$ and $$ \|u\|_{L^p(D)} \le \|u_{k_l}-u\|_{L^p(D)} + \|u_{k_l}\|_{L^p(D)} \le \|u_{k_l}-u\|_{W^{1,p}(D)} +\|u_{k_l}\|_{L^p(D)}, $$ we have $\|u\|_{L^p(D)}=0$, so $u=0$. Therefore, $$ \|Du_{k_l}\|_{L^p(D)} = \|Du_{k_l}-Du\|_{L^p(D)} < \|u_{k_l}-u\|_{W^{1,p}(D)} \to 0 $$ as $l\to \infty$. Consequently,
$$ \|D^2u_{k_l}\|_{L^p(D)} < \frac{1}{\delta_0} \|Du_{k_l}\|_{L^p(D)} \to 0 $$ as $l\to \infty$. Since $$\|u_{k_l}\|_{W^{2,p}(D)} \sim \|u_{k_l}\|_{L^p(D)} + \|Du_{k_l}\|_{L^p(D)} +\|D^2u_{k_l}\|_{L^p(D)},$$ we have $\lim\limits_{l\to \infty} \|u_{k_l}\|_{W^{2,p}(D)}=0$, contradicting $\|u_{k_l}\|_{W^{2,p}(D)}=1$.

I have two questions:

  1. How do we guarantee that the constant $C$ depend on $\delta>0$ only and independent of domain $D$?

  2. Is there a direct proof of this inequality (not using contradiction)?

Thank you very much.