infinity series of Riemann zeta function at odd integers

638 Views Asked by At

Properties of Riemann zeta function at odd and even integers diverge dramatically, which can be proved by many evidences.

I once found an infinity series in wikipedia, it reads $$ \sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{\zeta(2n)-1}{a^{2n}} = \frac12+\frac{1}{1-a^2}-\frac{\pi\cot(\pi/a)}{2a},~\vert a\vert>1 $$ or equivalently, $$ \sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{\zeta(2n)}{a^{2n}} = \frac12-\frac{\pi\cot(\pi/a)}{2a},~\vert a\vert>1. $$

Here, I just wonder that, if there is a closed form for the series $$ I(a)=\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{\zeta(2n+1)}{a^{2n+1}} = \mathbf{?},~\vert a\vert>1. $$ Thanks a lot. Any suggestion or material link will be welcomed.

EDIT: As @Lucian's hint in the comment, I arrive at $$ I(a)=\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{1}{a^{2n+1}}\Big(\sum_{k=1}^{\infty}\frac{1}{k^{2n+1}}\Big)=\sum_{k=1}^{\infty}\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{1}{(ka)^{2n+1}}=\sum_{k=1}^{\infty}\frac{1}{(ka)[(ka)^2-1]} $$ However, the trick $$\frac{1}{x(x^2-1)}=\frac{x}{2}\Big(\frac{1}{x-1}-\frac{1}{x+1}\Big)-\frac{1}{x} $$ doesn't seem to work for the above series. What should I do now?

1

There are 1 best solutions below

1
On BEST ANSWER

There exists a closed form in terms of special functions. We have $$\sum_{k\geq1}\frac{1}{ka\left(\left(ka\right)^{2}-1\right)}=\frac{1}{a^{3}}\sum_{k\geq1}\frac{1}{k\left(k^{2}-\frac{1}{a^{2}}\right)}=\frac{1}{a^{3}}\sum_{k\geq1}\frac{1}{k\left(k-\frac{1}{a}\right)\left(k+\frac{1}{a}\right)} $$ and using the identity $$\psi\left(1+z\right)=-\gamma+\sum_{k\geq1}\frac{z}{k\left(k+z\right)} $$ where $\psi\left(z\right) $ is the digamma function and $z\notin\mathbb{Z}^{-}\setminus\left\{ 0\right\} $, we have $$\sum_{k\geq1}\frac{1}{ka\left(\left(ka\right)^{2}-1\right)}=-\frac{\psi\left(1+\frac{1}{a}\right)+\psi\left(1-\frac{1}{a}\right)+2\gamma}{2a}. $$