Integral of square of function is equal to integral of odd part squared plus integral of even part squared

266 Views Asked by At

This is an exercise from Oppenheim's course on signals and systems.

$$\int_{-\infty}^{+\infty}x^2(t)dt = \int_{-\infty}^{+\infty}x_e^2(t)dt + \int_{-\infty}^{+\infty}x_o^2(t)dt $$

where $x_e(t)$ and $x_o(t)$ are respectively the even and odd parts of $x(t)$

The way I did it was

$$\int_{-\infty}^{+\infty}x^2(t)dt = \int_{-\infty}^{+\infty}x_e^2(t)dt + \int_{-\infty}^{+\infty}x_o^2(t)dt + 2\int_{-\infty}^{+\infty}x_o(t)x_e(t)dt$$

Then $$ x_o(t)x_e(t) = \frac 12 [x(t) - x(-t)] * \frac 12 [x(t) + x(-t)] = \frac 14 [x^2(t) - x^2(-t)]$$

$$ \int_{-\infty}^{+\infty}x_o(t)x_e(t)dt = \frac 14 \int_{-\infty}^{+\infty}x^2(t)dt - \frac 14 \int_{-\infty}^{+\infty}x^2(-t)dt$$

Then using u substitution (and this is the part where I'm not sure what I did makes sense, namely can I flip the infinities by putting a minus signal before the integral? I know it works for definite integrals without infinities but I'm confused about integrals with infinities)

$$\frac 14 \int_{-\infty}^{+\infty}x^2(t)dt - \frac 14 \int_{+\infty}^{-\infty}-x^2(y)dy = \frac 14 \int_{-\infty}^{+\infty}x^2(t)dt + \frac 14 \int_{+\infty}^{-\infty}x^2(y)dy = \frac 14 \int_{-\infty}^{+\infty}x^2(t)dt - \frac 14 \int_{-\infty}^{+\infty}x^2(y)dy = 0$$