This might be a duplicate but I couldn't find it. Anyhow I'm having trouble integrating $$\int^t_0 e^{x^2}dx$$ I found it in an introductory chapter of a differential equations book and perhaps it assumes I know an integration technique I haven't been introduced to(I only know integration techniques: by parts, u-sub., trig subst. partial fractions )? I have been asked to verify $e^{x^2} \cdot \int^t_0 e^{x^2}dx + c_1e^{x^2}$ as a solution to a differential???
I put it into an online calculator and got the result $e^{x^2}F(x)+c$ What function does F(x) stand for? The link for result is here:https://www.symbolab.com/solver/integral-calculator/%5Cint%20e%5E%7Bx%5E2%7Ddx/?origin=enterkey
I tried integration by parts and so far I got:
Let $u = e^{x^2}$, $du= 2xe^{x^2}dx$ and $dv=dx , v=x$
So substituting in $u \cdot v-\int vdu$ we get $$e^{x^2} \cdot x - \int x\cdot 2xe^{x^2}dx$$
Integrating by parts:$$\int x\cdot 2xe^{x^2}dx$$
I get $$e^{x^2} \cdot x^2 - \int 2x^3e^{x^2}dx$$
where $u_2=x^2, du_2=2xdx$ and $dv_2=2xdx, v_2=x^2$
Repeated integration by parts doesn't seem like a way to solving this. Does someone know of a way to integrate this?
Appreciate it.
The integral in question can be written using a fairly common special function known as the "Error Function", which has the formula $$\operatorname{Erf(t)} = \frac{2}{\sqrt{\pi}} \int_0^t e^{-x^2} dx$$ We then note the derivative of $\frac{-i \sqrt{\pi}}{2} \operatorname{Erf(it)}$, which we get as $$-i \frac{d}{dt} \operatorname{Erf(it)} = \frac{-2i \sqrt{\pi}}{2 \sqrt{\pi}} e^{-(it)^2} \frac{d}{dt} (it) = e^{t^2}$$ Since $\operatorname{Erf(0)} = 0$, your definite integral becomes a simple antiderivative, which we get to be $\color{red}{\frac{-i \sqrt{\pi}}{2} \operatorname{Erf(it)}}$