I try to solve this question:
Let X be a Markov chain and let nr : r ≥ 0 be an unbounded increasing sequence of positive integers. Show that Yr = Xnr constitutes a (possibly inhomogeneous) Markov chain. Find the transition matrix of Y when nr = 2r and X is a simple random walk.
I tried to develop this equation in this way:
P(Yr+1=i|Y1,..,Yr)= P(Xnr+1=i|Xn1,..,Xnr)=???= P(Yr+1=i|Yr)
Without success and without an idea for the rest of the question. Can someone help, please?