Robin's theorem says that if $$\sigma(n)<e^\gamma n\log\log n$$ holds for all $n>5040$, where $\sigma(n)$ is the sum of divisors of $n$, then the Riemann hypothesis is true, but if there are any counterexamples, then they are colossally abundant numbers, and there are infinitely many counterexamples.
Lagarias' theorem says $$\sigma(n)\leq H_n+e^{H_n}\log(H_n)$$ holding for all natural numbers $n$ is equivalent to the Riemann hypothesis, where $H_n$ is the $n$th harmonic number, the sum of the reciprocals of the first $n$ positive integers. It looks like Lagarias' inequality is sharper than Robin's, so any counterexamples to Robin's inequality must also be counterexamples to Lagarias'. Is known to be impossible for integers that aren't colossally abundant numbers or of some similar more general type to be exceptions to Lagarias' inequality?
Lagarias wrote, ""Robin showed that, if the Riemann Hypothesis is false, then there will necessarily exist a counterexample to the inequality (1.2) that is a colossally abundant number; the same property can be established for counterexamples to (1.1). (There could potentially exist other counterexamples as well)." (1.2) is your first display, (1.1) is your second display.