Islands, Bridges, and Loops

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There are $n$ islands with $n$ bridges connecting pairs of islands (where $n\ge 2$). Prove that some sequence of distinct bridges forms a loop.

I think induction is the way to go; it is clearly true for $n=2$, but I am confused about the inductive step. How should I connect $n$ and $n+1$?

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HINT: Suppose that the result is true for $n$ bridges and $n$ islands, and that you have an arrangement of $n+1$ bridges and $n+1$ islands.

  • If there is an island with exactly one bridge to it, consider the arrangement that remains after you remove that island and bridge.

  • If there is an island with no bridge to it, consider the arrangement after you remove that island and any one bridge.

  • Otherwise, each island has at least two bridges. Start at any island. Cross a bridge to another island. Keep moving from island to island, making sure that you always leave each island using a different bridge from the one by which you reached the island. You can do this indefinitely. (Why?) On the other hand, there are only finitely many islands, so eventually ...