Krylov-Bogoliubov theorem in discrete and continuous time

132 Views Asked by At

Consider the following two similar frameworks (the first one in discrete time, the second one in continuous time) in which I am trying to apply the Krylov-Bogoliubov theorem.

1) (Discrete time.) Consider a Markov process $\{X_t:t=1,2,\dots\}$, where $X_t$ is a vector with two entries, $X_{t}^{1}$ and $X_{t}^{2}$. The first entry $X_{t}^{1}$ takes values in $A\subset\mathbb{R}$ and it depends only on $X_{t-1}^{1}$; there exists a unique ergodic distribution $G^1$ for the first entry. The second entry $X_{t}^{2}$ takes values in $[0,1]$ and it depends on both $X_{t-1}^{1}$ and $X_{t-1}^{2}$.

What further assumptions do I have to impose to invoke the Krylov-Bogoliubov theorem and make sure that there exists an ergodic distribution $G$ for $X_t$?

To guarantee existence, I think that no further assumption on $X_t$ or $A$ is required. Here is my reasoning.

When constructing a stochastic process $X_t$, one can define a (deterministic) transformation $S:\Omega\rightarrow\Omega$ that maps the state of the world $\omega\in\Omega$ today into the state of the world $S(\omega)\in\Omega$ tomorrow. The stochastic process $X_t$ is then defined as a function $X:\Omega\rightarrow A\times[0,1]$. Then it's enough to define some $\Omega$ and $S$ satisfying the assumptions of the Bogoliubov-Krylov theorem, and an invariant measure exists on $\Omega$.

2) (Continuous time.) The framework in continuous time is similar. $\{X_t:t\geq 0\}$ is a markov process with two entries, $X_{t}^{1}$ and $X_{t}^{2}$. The first entry $X_{t}^{1}$ takes values in $A\subset\mathbb{R}$ and it depends only on past values of the first entry; there exists a unique ergodic distribution $G^1$ for the first entry. The second entry $X_{t}^{2}$ takes values in $[0,1]$ and it depends on past values of both entries. Moreover, $X_t$ is almost surely continuous in $t$ almost everywhere (I allow for jumps).

As before, what further assumptions do I have to impose to invoke the Krylov-Bogoliubov theorem?