LCM of 3 numbers is given then what can't GCD be

Question

This question was asked to me by a junior and I was unable to solve it and in fact couldn't even start despite of having studied considerable number theory.

$\text{lcm}$ of three different numbers is $120$ then which of the following can't be it's HCF?

(A) $8$

(B) $12$

(C) $24$

(D) $35$

I have studied elementary number theory from David Burton but I am absolutely clueless about this particular problem.

I could think of $\gcd(a,b) \text{lcm}(a,b)=ab$ , but is this extendable to more than two variables? and even if it is extendable it doesn't seem to be useful.

Thanks for any help!!

Answer 1

Note that $\gcd(x_{1},x_{2},...,x_{n})\vert\ \text{lcm}(x_{1}, x_{2}, ..., x_{n})$ because $\gcd(x_{1},x_{2},...,x_{n})\vert\ x_{1}, x_{2}, ..., x_{n}$ and $x_{1}, x_{2},...,x_{n}\vert\ \text{lcm}(x_{1}, x_{2}, ..., x_{n})$. Thus, if a number does not divide the $\text{lcm}$, it cannot be the $\gcd$, so the answer must be $\boxed{(D)\ 35}$

Answer 2

The answer is D. If $7$ is a divisor of each of the numbers, then it would also divide any common multiple.

Answer 3

We first observe that $120 = 2^4 \cdot 3^1 \cdot 5^2$. Additionally, we know that the gcd of any $n$ numbers must divide the lcm of those numbers.

Therefore, we see that choices $a$, $b$, and $c$ all divide the lcm. However, 35 does not divide the lcm and therefore it cannot be the gcd.

Answer 4

Let lcm be $l$ and gcd (hcf) be $d$, $l = \dfrac{abc}{d}$, where $a, b, c$ are your three numbers.

Since $d|a, d|b, d|c$, $d$ must also divide divide $l$. Of the four answers, 35 is only one that does not divide 120.

Answer 5

It's $(D)$ because $7$ is a factor of $35$ but it's not a factor of $120$