Let $H$ be a Hilbert space, and $S=\{Ax:x\in H\}$. Does $S^{\perp}=\operatorname{Null}(A)$?
What I have is if $x\in S^{\perp}$ then $x\perp A(A^*A^*Ax)$ then $(x,A^*Ax)=(Ax,Ax)=0$, so $x$ is in $\operatorname{Null}(A)$, is there a more obvious reason?
How about the other direction?