Given a polynomial $f(x_1, · · · , x_n) ∈ F[x_1, · · · , x_n]$ and a permutation $σ ∈ S_n$, I want to show that both $\prod_{σ∈Sn} {σ · f(x_1, · · · , x_n)}$ and $\sum_{σ∈Sn} {σ · f(x_1, · · · , x_n)}$ are symmetric polynomials.
I know a symmetric polynomial is a polynomial $F(X_1, …, X_n)$ in $n$ variables, such that if any of the variables are interchanged, one obtains the same polynomial. Or P is a symmetric polynomial if for any permutation $σ$ of the subscripts $1, 2, ..., n$ one has $F(X_{σ(1)},…, X_{σ(n)}) = P(X_1,…, X_n)$. But I am not sure how to proceed in the above example.
A polynomial $g$ is a symmetric polynomial if $\sigma g=g$ for all $\sigma \in S_n$. For your case we have $g=\sum\limits_\tau \tau(f)$. If $\tau$ runs over $S_n$ then the set $\sigma \circ \tau$ coincides with $S_n$.Then $$ \sigma(g)=\sum\limits_\tau \sigma(\tau(f))=\sum\limits_\tau (\sigma \circ \tau)(f)=\sum\limits_\tau \tau(f)=g, $$ so $g$ is an symmetric polynomial.