If $$ \lambda=\frac{n_{1}}{n_{2}}=\frac{m_{1}}{m_{2}} $$ prove that $$ \lambda=\frac{n_{1}\pm m_{1}}{n_{2}\pm m_{2}} $$
I know this is true if I add numbers to it $$ \frac{1}{2}=\frac{2}{4} $$ $$ \frac{1+2}{2+4}=\frac{3}{6}=\frac{1}{2} $$ $$ \frac{1-2}{2-4}=\frac{-1}{-2}=\frac{1}{2} $$
Compute the difference: From $\frac{n_1}{n_2}=\frac{m_1}{m_2}$, we know tha tthe numerator of $$ \frac{n_1}{n_2}-\frac{m_1}{m_2}=\frac{n_1m_2-n_2m_1}{n_2m_2}$$ is zero. Hence $$\begin{align}\frac{n_1\pm m_1}{n_2\pm m_2}-\frac{n_1}{n_2}&=\frac{(n_1\pm m_1)n_2-n_1(n_2\pm m_2)}{(n_2\pm m_2)m_1}\\&= \frac{n_1n_2\pm m_1n_2-n_1n_2\mp n_1m_2}{(n_2\pm m_2)m_1}\\&=\frac{\pm(n_1m_2-n_2m_1)}{(n_2\pm m_2)m_1}\\&=0\end{align}$$
Remark: Essentially, we use $\frac ab=\frac cd\iff ad=bc$.