Proving that a minimal set satisfying 'tree' properties is countable.

41 Views Asked by At

Let $X$ be a set and let $\mathcal F (X)$ dentoe the finite subsets of $X$ and let there be given a function

$$\tag 1 F: X \to \mathcal F (X)$$

Let $K$ be a finite subset of $X$.

Definition: A subset $Y$ of $X$ is said to be an inductive accommodation of $K$ and $F$ if

$$\tag 2 K \subset Y$$ $$\tag 3 \text{For every } y \in Y, \; F(y) \subset Y$$

The intersection of any family of subsets of $X$ that are inductive accommodations of $K$ and $F$ is also an inductive accommodation.

Prove that the minimal inductive accommodation of $K$ and $F$ is a countable set.

My work

I was looking at

Generating all coprime pairs

and

Tree of primitive Pythagorean triples

and figured that this abstraction is true but not sure how to proceed.

1

There are 1 best solutions below

0
On

Following bof's suggestions...

For any $Y \subset X$ we can form $\Phi (Y)$,

$$\tag 1 \Phi (Y) = \bigcup_{y \in Y} F(y)$$

If $Y$ is countable so is $\Phi (Y)$,

Let $Y_0 = K$ and for $n \ge 0$ define

$$\tag 2 Y_{n+1} = \Phi (Y_n)$$

By induction. each $Y_n$ is countable, so

$$\tag 3 \hat K = \bigcup_{n \ge 0} Y_n$$

is also countable.

Claim: $\hat K$ is an inductive accommodation of $K$ and $F$:

Clearly $K \subset \hat K$.

If $y \in \hat K$ then there is a $k$ with $y \in Y_k$, and since

$$\tag 4 F(y) \subset \Phi (Y_k) = Y_{k+1} \subset \hat K$$

the claim is established.

It can be demonstrated by induction that $\hat K$ is the minimal inductive accommodation .

Note that we need the axiom of choice in this setting.