Representing linear operator with matrix

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I've came across the following question in a book that I read about Hilbert spaces and linear operators - enter image description here

Where exercise $1$ is -

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So the book has answers, and for 13a it is -

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what I don't understand is how can we represent an operator which is defined by an infinite sequence, with a 2x2 matrix? how does it operate on other infinite sequences in $l_2$?