In set theory, the order in which elements are listed is immaterial but elements must not be repeated. So {1, 1} is not permitted.
Then the number of elements in set {1,a} (a is real number) is 1 or 2 or both possible?
In set theory, the order in which elements are listed is immaterial but elements must not be repeated. So {1, 1} is not permitted.
Then the number of elements in set {1,a} (a is real number) is 1 or 2 or both possible?
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Yes. It is not really illegal to write $\{1, 1\}$, but duplicates in sets defined by lists are ignored. So, in your case, if $a = 1$, you have one element; otherwise you have two.