simple question, need help

Question

Can someone tell me where does 1 come from on the end, this got me really confused.

Answer 1

$$3^1=3(1)=3$$ $$3^0=1$$ $$3^{-1}=1/3$$ $$3^{-2}=1/9$$

Because 1(x)=x, the 1 is always there no matter whether the exponent is positive, negative, or zero.