Why don't Simplify and FullSimplify work on: $\frac{\sqrt{a + \cos \theta}}{\sqrt{\frac{a + \cos \theta}{1 + a}}}$?
FullSimplify[ Sqrt[a + Cos[\[Theta]]] /Sqrt[(a + Cos[\[Theta]])/(
1 + a)]]
Even if $\cos \theta \leq 0$ the term should simplify.... no?
You need to give assumptions, try this:
or try this: