Solving systems of linear equations containing integers

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If i have a system of linear equations in matrix form such as:

1  1  1   1 400
1 -1  0   0 0
0  1 -2   0 0
0  0  1 -10 0

I can solve it using gaussian elimination. However, I am curious about solving such a system if one or more of the variables is an integer. Are there techniques out there to accomplish this and what error are they attempting to reduce?