With GAP software, I can calculate \begin{gather}\dim H^2(SL(2,5),GF(2)^9)=1 \end{gather} So, if I understand correctly, there is exactly one non-split extension of $SL(2,5)$ by an elementary abelian $2$-group of dimension $2^9$. Let's say I want to know the character table of this extension. Then I look for all perfect groups $K$ of size $120\cdot2^9$. Unfortunately, GAP seems that doen't help me.
gap> NrPerfectGroups(120*2^9);
fail
The GAP's library PerfectGroup relies on the book "Perfect Groups" of Holt and Plesken, but I didn't find information neither there.
Edit: I was trying to get the information about a perfect group $K$ with the following properties: there is $M \unlhd K$ an elementary abelian group of order $2^9$ such that $M=C_K(M)$, $K/M$ si isomorphic to $SL(2,5)$ and acts irreducibly on $M$. Hence what I calculated with GAP is the cohomology group $H^2(SL(2,5),M)$ where $M$ is an irreducible faithful $SL(2,5)$ module.
Since $SL(2,5)$ is the Schur covering of $A_5$, its irreducible modules are known (they can be foun with GAP or here, note that also the indecomposable representations are listed, so be careful on what you're reading). More generaly, $O_2(SL(2,5))=Z(SL(2,5))$ has order $2$, hence it acts trivially on every irreducible representations in characteristic $2$. Equivalently, the irreducible representations of $SL(2,5)$ in even characteristic are the same of $A_5$ and cant be faithful. For further details, see the helpful comments of Jack and Derek.