Let $\varphi \in \mathcal{D}(\mathbb{R})$ and let $\theta \in \mathcal{D}(\mathbb{R})$ such $\theta=1$ au voisinage de 0. My question is: please, how we prouve that there exist $\psi \in \mathcal{D}(\mathbb{R})$ such as $$ \varphi(x)= \varphi(0) \theta(x)+ x \psi(x) $$ with the indication to considerate $\psi(x)= \displaystyle\int_0^1 \varphi'(tx) dt$?
Thank you for the help, because i have no idea to the proof.
Let's clean a little:
$$\psi(x)= \displaystyle\int_0^1 \varphi'(tx)\mathbb dt$$
Now, let $z=tx$, then $\mathbb dz=x\mathbb dt$, $z=0$ for $t=0$ and $z=x$ for $t=1$
$$\psi(x)= \frac{1}{x}\int_0^x \varphi'(z)\mathbb dz$$
$$\psi(x)=\frac{1}{x}[\varphi(z)]_0^x=\frac{1}{x}(\varphi(x)-\varphi(0))$$