The proposition about invariant subspace and representation matrix (triangular)

40 Views Asked by At

$f : V \rightarrow V$ : linear mapping

$ \text{dim}V = n$

Proposition;

If Invariant subspace $W_1, W_2, \cdots ,W_n(=V) \quad (\text{dim}W_k=k)$

$\quad s.t. \quad W_1 \subset W_2 \subset \cdots \subset W_n(=V)$ exist,

then $f$ has a triangular representation matrix.

Is this proof correct?

Proof

Because $\text{dim}W_1 = 1$, I let $\{ v_1 \}$ bese of $W_1$.

Because $\text{dim}W_2 = 2$ and $W_1 \subset W_2$, I can let $\{ v_1, v_2 \}$ base of $W_2$.

I repeat the same thing from $W_3$ to $W_n$,

I can let $\{ v_1, v_2, \cdots , v_n \}$ base of $W_n(=V)$.

Then, considering $f(W_k )\subset W_k$,

I can express

$ f(v_1)=c_{11} v_1 \\ f(v_2)=c_{12} v_1 + c_{22} v_2 \\ \quad \vdots \\ f(v_n) = c_{1n} v_1 + c_{2n} v_2 + \cdots + c_{nn} v_n$.

Then, representation matrix is

\begin{equation} \begin{pmatrix} c_{11} & c_{12} & c_{13} & \cdots & c_{1n} \\ 0 & c_{22} & c_{23} & \cdots & c_{2n} \\ 0 & 0 & c_{33} & \cdots & c_{3n} \\ \vdots & \vdots & \vdots & \vdots & \vdots\\ 0 & 0 & 0 & \cdots & c_{nn} \\ \end{pmatrix} \end{equation}