Three distinct points $x, y, z$ lie on a unit circle of the complex plane and satisfy $x+y+z=0$. Then $x, y, z$ form the vertices of.
- An isosceles but not equilateral triangle.
- An equilateral triangle.
- A triangle of any shape.
- A triangle whose shape can't be determined.
- None of the above.
Let's prove the answer is 2).
Write $x=e^{ia}$ etc. so $e^{ia}+e^{ib}+e^{ic}=0$ and $e^{i(b-a)}+e^{i(c-a)}=-1$. Equating imaginary parts, $\sin(b-a)=\sin(a-c)$; equating real ones, $\cos(b-a)+\cos(a-c)=-1$. The cosines are equal, rather than equal and opposite, and so each is $-\frac12$, whence $\sin(b-a)=\pm\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}=\pm\sin\frac{2\pi}{3}$. Note in particular that $\cos(b-a)=-\frac12\implies b-a\ne\pm\frac{\pi}{3}$.
The angles between $x,\,y,\,z$ are $\frac{2\pi}{3}$ each, while the circumradii at the vertices split $\triangle xyz$ into isosceles triangles of base angles $\frac12\left(\pi-\frac{2\pi}{3}\right)=\frac{\pi}{6}$. Thus each internal angle of $\triangle xyz$ is $\frac{\pi}{3}$, as expected.