I am currentyl working through Brian Hall‘s „Quantum Theory for Mathematicians“ and I am stuck at a seemingly „easy“ steo in the proof of Proposition 7.11.
To a bounded measurable function $f$ and projection-valued measure $\mu$ we associate the integral
$Q_f(\psi):= \int_X f d\mu_\psi.$
I can see why we have
$$|Q_f(\psi)|\leq \left(\sup_{x\in X} |f(x)|\right)\lVert \psi\rVert^2.$$
Since $Q_f$ is a bounded quadratic form there exists an operator $A_f$ such that
$$Q_f(\psi)=\left< \psi, A_f\psi \right>.$$
Hall then clames that it follows that
$$||A_f||\leq \sup_{x\in X} |f(x)|$$
but I don‘t see how.
By definition we have
$$\lVert A_f \rVert=\sup_{\lVert\psi\rVert=\lVert\phi\rVert=1}|\left<\phi,A_f\psi\right>|\geq \sup_{\lVert\psi\rVert=1}|\left< \psi, A_f\psi\right>|=\sup_{\lVert\psi\rVert=1}|Q_f(\psi)|\leq \sup_{x\in X}|f(x)|.$$
So I assume we actually want to show that
$$\sup_{\lVert\phi\rVert=\lVert\psi\rVert=1}|\left<\phi, A_f\psi\right>|=\sup_{\lVert\psi\rVert=1}|\left<\psi,A_f\psi\right>|.$$
Do you have a tipp how to show that? Is that a general property for an operator associated to a quadratic form or does it depend on the definition of $Q_f$?.
2026-04-22 11:29:07.1776857347