How can I see (and prove) whether the given first-order formula $\varphi$ is valid or not?
$\varphi = \forall x \forall y [ (r(x,y) \rightarrow (p(x) \rightarrow p(y))) \land (r(x,y) \rightarrow (p(y) \rightarrow p(x)))]$
2026-04-05 01:42:07.1775353327
Validity of a first-order formula
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