What is rotational inertia or moment of inertia? What is its equivalent in linear quantities?

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What is rotational inertia or moment of inertia? What is its equivalent in linear quantities? I know what rotational inertia is; I just can't think of the equivalent in linear quantities please help.

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The linear equivalent is the mass $m$

e.g. compare kinetic energy for rotation and translation $$ \frac{1}{2} I \omega^2 $$ and $$ \frac{1}{2} m v^2 $$