Let $\sigma$ be the classical sum-of-divisors function.
Suppose that I have the following equations:
$$2n^2 - \sigma(n^2) = \frac{\sigma(n^2)}{q^k}\cdot{\sigma(q^{k-1})}$$
$$2n^2 - \sigma(n^2) = \frac{\sigma(q^{k-1})}{\sigma(q^{k})}\cdot{2n^2}$$
and assume that $\sigma(n^2)/q^k$ and ${2n^2}/\sigma(q^k)$ are both (positive) integers. Lastly, suppose that we have $k \equiv 1 \pmod 4$, and that $\gcd(q,n) = 1$. (Edit: I forgot to indicate that $q$ must be prime.)
My question is this:
What is $\gcd(n^2, \sigma(n^2))$?
Update: I have transferred the transcript of my attempt to an actual answer to this MSE question, in response to a suggestion from mixedmath in a comment to another one of my questions.
Here is my attempt at an answer (although, admittedly, I am a bit confused by that $\sigma(q^{k-1})$):
Under the given conditions, both equations imply that $$\sigma(q^{k-1}) \mid \left(2n^2 - \sigma(n^2)\right).$$
Consequently, we can rewrite the equations as $$\sigma(n^2) = {q^k}\cdot{\left(\frac{2n^2 - \sigma(n^2)}{\sigma(q^{k-1})}\right)}$$ and $$n^2 = {\frac{\sigma(q^k)}{2}}\cdot{\left(\frac{2n^2 - \sigma(n^2)}{\sigma(q^{k-1})}\right)}.$$
I hope this is correct.