I am reading a book about C*-algebra. There is a quotation below.
Let $M$ be a von Neumann algebra with a faithful normal tracial state $\tau$ and let $1_{M}\in N\subset M$ be von Neumann subalgebra. Then, for each $a\in N$, we define $\tau_{a}\in N_{\ast}$ by $\tau_{a}(y)=\tau(ya)~$(here, $N_{\ast}$ is the Banach space of normal linear functionals on $N$). Then, $||\tau_{a}||=\tau(|a|)$ (here, $|a|=(a^{\ast}a)^{1/2}$). Also note that $\{\tau_{a}: a\in N\}$ is a norm-dense linear subspace in $N_{\ast}$.(If, it were not dense, we could find $0\neq n\in N$ such that $\tau_{a}(n)=0$ for all $a\in N$, which is impossible since $\tau$ is faithful.)
I have two question about the quotation:
For the equation $||\tau_{a}||=\tau(|a|)$, through using polar decomposition of $a$ and the proposition of tracial state, we can prove $||\tau_{a}||\leq\tau(|a|)$. But how to prove $||\tau_{a}||\geq\tau(|a|)$?
How to explain $\{\tau_{a}: a\in N\}$ is a norm-dense linear subspace in $N_{\ast}$?
The trace satisfies the following inequality: $$ |\tau(ya)|\leq\|y\|\,\tau(|a|). $$ This implies directly that $\|\tau_a\|\leq\tau(|a|)$. For the reverse inequality, if $a=v|a|$ is the polar decomposition, then $|a|=v^*a$ and so $\tau(|a|)=\tau(v^*a)\leq\|\tau_a\|$.
Suppose that $X=\{\tau_a:\ a\in N\}$ is not norm-dense in $N_*$. Note that $X$ is a vector space; in particular, it is convex. By Hahn-Banach, we can find nonzero $x\in(N_*)^*=N$ such that $X\subset\ker x$. This means that $0=x(\tau_a)=\tau_a(x)$ for all $a\in N$. In particular we can take $a=x^*$, so $\tau(x^*x)=0$. As the trace is faithful, $x=0$, a contradiction.