Are subjects defined formally?

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There often are "areas" of math

Example: topology, geometry, abstract algebra etc...

But can these "areas" be rigorously defined?

For example given a sentence $\phi$ in ZFC can one deduce which "subject" this sentence belongs to?

Of course a lot here needs to be made rigorous:

How do we formally defined the subjects How do we decide if a particular sentence belongs to a particular subject Does there exist more than one natural way to do this?

But I'm curious if a generic sentence to subject recognizer could be built.

An idea:

Perhaps one can compute "identifying" elements of the different subjects of mathematics, say using LDA with ngrams of sequences of symbols in a sentence that a human has already decided belongs to some subject.