Can $\mathbf R$ be negative in spherical coordinate system?

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If so, what vector does it signify?

PS: $R =$ is the radial distance of the vector $\mathbf R$.

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No, $r$ shouldn't be negative. If it is for some reason, you restore a positive value with

$$r,\theta,\phi\leftrightarrow-r,-\theta,\pi-\phi$$

following the convention in https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spherical_coordinate_system.