Can we describe Injective and non-Injective functions through intersections?

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Is it true that if curves are self-intersecting, then function graph would be non injective ?

Like suppose a differential curve $\alpha(t) = (x,y) = (t^2, t^3) $ where $y=f(x) ,$ its function graph comes out as $ y=x^{3/2} $ and they self-intersect and so are non injective?

Let us take another functions like $\alpha(t) = (3t/1+t^3, 3t^2+1+t^3) $ never self-intersect and they are injectives. So my question is:

Do intersections solly define a function's injectivity or non-injectivity ? What are other definitive requirements? Thanks.

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You may use horizontal lines to verify that a function is injective.

If every horizontal line intersect the graph at most once the function is injective

Otherwise it is not injective